home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- From: Brian Bechtel (2/13/92)
- To: Mark Baumwell, Rich Collyer, Colleen Delgadillo, Dennis Hescox,
- Mark B Johnson, Blake Roberts, Kent Sandvik
-
- Mail*Link® SMTP FWD>How to Remap PowerBook Keyboard
-
- Greetings
-
- Sick of having to change your typing habits every time you move between
- your desk machine (Apple Standard Keyboard) and your PowerBook. Well have
- I got a solution for you!
-
- The following document describes how you can swap Escape with Backquote
- and Slosh with Enter in both hardware and software on your PowerBook
- keyboard. This is version 4 of my document. The previous versions were
- mailed out to individuals. I'm now sufficiently confident in my
- instructions to post it to the net (and make a *big* fool of myself).
-
- The instructions herein are not for the faint hearted. RedEditting skills
- are a must. Be stout of heart and do the work. I, for one, have not
- regretted it.
-
- Still no news on how to swap Caps Lock and Control. Sorry.
-
- Anyone with any comments should mail me at the address in my signature.
-
- Share and Enjoy.
-
- Quinn "The Eskimo!" <quinn@cs.uwa.oz.au> "Real Coke, Diet .sig"
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Western Australia
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Remapping PowerBook Keyboards in Hardware and Software
- ------------------------------------------------------
-
- by Quinn "The Eskimo" <quinn@cs.uwa.oz.au> 10 Feb 1992
-
- 0. Introduction
- ---------------
-
- For full enjoyment of your new PowerBook you will want to swap
- backquote/escape and slosh/enter. You should do this both in software and
- hardware. The following instructions give you information about how to do
- this. There is also a short spiel on why it's not possible (at the moment)
- to swap control and capslock.
-
- 0.1 Version History
- -------------------
-
- Version 4
-
- Changes since Version 3.
- o added definite information on the PB140/170 in Section 1.1
- o deleted the waffle saying that I wasn't sure about the PB140/170
-
- Changes since Version 2.
- o added the Creeping Legalitis section.
-
- Changes since Version 1.
- o added version numbering scheme
- o added section numbering scheme
- o added more warnings changing the KMAP in PowerBook 140/170s
- o added a discussion of the KCAP resource and instructions on how to bash
- it
- o changed the wording in the section on Hardware Remapping
-
- 0.2 Disclaimer
- --------------
-
- All of this work was tested on a Australian PB100 2/20 and an Australian
- PB170 4/40 running System Z-7.0.1* (Australian). Your mileage may vary.
- Please read the Creeping Legalitis section at the end of this document.
-
-
- 1. Software Remapping
- ---------------------
- Warning: All the usual ResEdit warnings apply. Please make a copy of your
- System file before attempting this procedure.
-
- 1.1 Changing the Key Mappings
- -----------------------------
- a) Open the System file in ResEdit.
- b) Open the resource KMAP ID=0 (not KCHR).
- c) Change the byte at offset $36 from a $32 to a $35 (backquote to escape)
- d) Change the byte at offset $39 from a $35 to a $32 (escape to backquote)
- e) Change the byte at offset $38 from a $34 to a $2A (enter to slosh)
- f) Change the byte at offset $2E from a $2A to a $34 (slosh to enter)
-
- <Start of section for PB100 owners>
-
- g) Open the ROv# ID=890.
-
- <End of section for PB100 owners>
-
- <Start of section for PB140/170 owners>
-
- g) Open the ROv# ID=1660
-
- <End of section for PB140/170 owners>
-
- h) This should open as a template showing fields like 'Version',
- 'NumTypes', followed by many entries consisting of 'Type' and 'Res ID'
- pairs.
-
- [If you do not get a template mail me and I'll send you the appropriate
- TMPL resource to install in your ResEdit Preferences file.]
-
- i) Select the last set of '*****'.
- j) Select 'Insert New Fields' from the Resource menu.
- k) Set the type to KMAP and the Res ID to 0
- l) Save and close the System file
-
-
- 1.2 Changing the Key Cap Description
- ------------------------------------
- Note: The instructions in this section will work only if you have a
- PowerBook with the US keyboard. If you have one with the ISO keyboard mail
- me and I'll try to help you.
-
- a) Open the System file in ResEdit
- b) Open the resource KCAP ID=12 (ignore the warning about the resource
- being compressed)
- c) Change the byte at offset $1B from a $32 to a $35 (backquote to escape)
- d) Change the byte at offset $141 from a $35 to a $32 (escape to backquote)
- e) Change the byte at offset $147 from a $34 to a $2A (enter to slosh)
- f) Change the byte at offset $69 from a $2A to a $34 (slosh to enter)
- g) Save and close the System file
-
-
- 1.3 Precautions When Updating Systems
- -------------------------------------
- Once you have completed this exercise and determined whether it has worked
- successfully you should take a copy of the resources you changed and save
- them in separate resource file. This way, when you need to reinstall
- system software, you can just paste in these changes. Be more wary if you
- upgrade to a later system. The KMAP and KCAP resources are unlikely to
- change between systems but the ROv# may well do so. In that case you would
- have to change the ROv# again by following steps g) through to k) above.
-
-
- 1.4 Theory of Operation
- -----------------------
- As documented in TN160 there is a resource called the KMAP which maps
- physical to virtual keycodes. This is distinct from the KCHR which maps
- virtual keycodes into ASCII characters. Bashing the KMAP resource is
- definitely the correct way of moving keys around the keyboard. The
- following is a list of keycodes associated with keys that need moving:-
- o backquote 50 $32
- o escape 53 $35
- o slosh 42 $2A
- o enter 52 $34
- Normally the keyboard sends down a physical keycode of $32 which is mapped
- to the virtual keycode of $32. My procedure involves bashing the KMAP
- resource so that it maps $32 to $35 thereby mapping backquote to escape. I
- do this for each key I wish to remap.
-
- In addition there is another resource called the KCAP which is used by the
- Key Caps DA to display the physical positioning of the keys on the
- keyboard. This needs to be changed in line with the changes to the KMAP
- resource.
-
- The only problem remaining is that the PowerBook have a KMAP resource in
- ROM that the system uses by default. I change this by adding an entry to
- the ROv# resource stating that the KMAP ID=0 resource in the system file
- overrides the KMAP ID=0 resource in the ROM.
-
- See Inside Mac V-190 for information about physical and virtual keycodes.
- See Technote 160 'Key Mapping' for a description of the format of a KMAP
- resource.
- See Inside Mac IV-20 for information about the ROv# resource.
-
-
- 2. Hardware Remapping
- ---------------------
- Warning: The key caps are moderately delicate. Please use gentle
- persuasion (or brute force *with* finesse) to perform this surgery.
-
- I did these operation while the PowerBook was on and running. The reason
- for this is simple. If the PowerBook is in sleep (or off in the case of
- the PB100) then messing around with the keys will invariable turn it on.
- If you're squeamish about working on running hardware then you can
- i) remove the battery (if you own a PB100) OR
- ii) shut down the machine (for PB140/PB170 owners).
-
- To remove a key cap...
-
- a) Get a couple of lever type things (small flat head screwdrivers are
- good).
- b) Insert one on each side (ie left and right looking from the front) of
- the key cap you wish to remove.
- c) Lever up both sides simultaneously. Be careful that the key cap does
- not fly off into hyperspace. Also be careful that you do not apply too
- much force to the surrounding keycaps.
-
- To reinsert a key cap...
-
- a) Place key cap on key unit
- b) Rotate the keycap so that the writing on the cap is the right way up
- c) Push down gently until it locks in place
-
- Repeat for all the keys you wish to swap. Obviously only some are
- compatible (ie don't go round swapping space and Q :-)
-
-
- 3. CapsLock/Control Problems
- ----------------------------
- At the moment it is not possible to swap capslock/control. The reason for
- this is simple. When you first press the capslock key it sends only a
- keydown event. When you next press it it only sends a keyup. This means
- that although you can swap capslock and control you end up with a control
- key that locks down and a capslock key that doesn't.
-
- A number of people at Apple are (informally) chasing up solutions to this
- problem. It may be possible to send the keyboard processor an instruction
- to get around the problem. However no definite solution has been found.
-
-
- 4. Creeping Legalitis
- ---------------------
- (C) Copyright 1992 Jonathan Quinn "The Eskimo!" <quinn@cs.uwa.oz.au>. This
- document may be freely distributed in any way as long as the copyright
- notice is retained.
-
- Neither the Department of Computer Science nor The University of Western
- Australia have anything to do with this document.
-
- I take no responsibility for any damage you might do to your hardware or
- software by following these instructions. My only claim is that I followed
- them and they worked for me (twice).
-
-
- If you have any problems, or feedback in general, feel free to mail me.
-
- Please distribute this note to your PowerBooking friends.
-
- Share and Enjoy.
-
- Quinn "The Eskimo!" <quinn@cs.uwa.oz.au> "Real Coke, Diet .sig"
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Western Australia
-
- ======================================================================
-
-